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Showing posts from January, 2020

The Creation and Use of Sound in Media

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For the second nested unit, you will be required to create a podcast, using your own original article This podcast focuses on your creation and use of sound Over this coursework unit find any podcast, subscribe and listen. Sound within different media industries Film Fiction/non-fiction TV programmes Computer games Animation Audio- visual advertisements Radio drama Radio drama- entertain The following list are elements of sound Wild tracks -> Audio recording intended to synchronise with the video, but recorded seperately. This is recorded OUTSIDE Atmospheric sounds -> Also known as ambient sound, refers to the background noise present at a given scene or location Sound effects -> These are artificially produced to emphasise content Dialogue/Speech -> conversation between two or more people/individual spoken words Music -> Theme tunes, incidental music How do these elements create different effects? All sound created and included within media produc...

Sub Editing a News Article

According to prospects.com, a sub editor: check the written text of newspapers, magazines or websites before they're published. They're responsible for ensuring the correct grammar, spelling, house style and tone of published work. Subs make sure that the copy is factually correct and suits its target market. They also lay out the story on the page, write headings and captions, and may be involved with overall page design. Like other journalism roles, sub-editing is demanding and requires constant attention to detail in a fast-paced working environment. Things you need to consider as a sub- editor Proof reading: check spelling, grammar, sentence and paragraph structure Sense and style: ensure mode of address and language code is in keeping with paper, as well as ensuring enough context is present. Trimming article if necessary- either for quantity or quality reasons. Editing quotes and readers' comments: shortening and formatting where necessary Writing he...

Writing a News Article

Writing a paper for 'The Protector' North London School Creates a 'Separate But Equal' Environment for its students. A certain unnamed Jewish sixth form in North London has been accused by its Cambridge Technical students for creating an environment in which their peers, who take A Level Courses are favoured. One Cambridge Technical students went on to say  "pretty much all of our "whole sixth form assemblies" have been catered solely to the half of the sixth form taking A Level subjects. Despite stating on their website "The OCR Cambridge Technical is a highly-respected A Level equivalent" Cambridge Technical students continue to feel like they are second class students, with some expressing their concern for the issue by saying "this school thinks they can get away with actions that would only fly with Jim Crow laws in the 1960s". The double standards don't just stop with the forced assemblies for Cambridge Technical Students....

Primary and Secondary Research for News

Sources: Sources are vita; to all news stories. Without research journalists have no stories- and cam leave themselves open to legal action. Usually journalists will wait for info to be confirmed by two sources- unless it is a witness or an authoritative provider of quantitative data (like the government). Definers of sources Primary definers- Individuals who are experts/have academic knowledge about the topic being written about Secondary definers- The public. Will be quoted in articles at a mass audience in order to convey a populist point of view. Research Methods Primary Interviews Focus groups Observatiom Online Surveys Questionnaires Social Media Secondary Books Social Media Databases Documentaries Websites Articles Academic Journals Press Agencies (e.g. Reuters) The Epoch Times NFL  free agent Antonio Brown turned himself in at a Florida jail on Thursday night following accusations that he and his trainer attacked another man. Brown arrived ...

IPSO and News Regulatiom

Independent regulator in the UK for newspapers and magazines IPSO took over from the Press Complaints Commission- after the PCC was shut down following complaints about their poor handling if the News of the World's 2011 Phone Hacking scandal IPSO provides a set of rules to regulate journalism and press standards in the UK- The Editors Code. Journalism is impacted by the law and ethics more than probably any other media industry. How might these issues impact journalism? Privacy Libel Data Protection Bias Fake news

News Values

Two media theorists (Gatling and Ruge) developed a system for classifying how 'news-worthy' an event is. Frequency Negativity Unexpectedness Un-Ambiguity Personalization Meaningfulness Reference to elite nations Reference to elite persons Conflict Consonance Continuity Composition Competition Predictability Time Constraints The BBC's top story is reporting on the Coronavirus which adheres to the: Negative (it's a disease) Unexpectedness (its was unlikely to be in the UK) Personalization (in Scotland) Reference to elite nations (UK) Continuity (the virus was reported on before) Predictability (not many people would have thought it would come to the UK so soon) Another one entitled "How Much Privacy can Harry and Megan Expect" Negativity (making it seem like they're escaping the press) Personalization (They are leaving the UK) Reference to elite nations (UK and Canada) Conflict (They are conflicting with the UK's press) Pr...

Linguistic Conventions

5Hs (and 1H) of Journalism All good news articles contain answers to 6 key questions Who? Who is the story about What? What has happened Where? Where did the event take place? When? When did it happen Why? Why is the story significant How? How did it happen Restricted vs Elaborated Codes Developed by David Bernstein in 1971 Elaborated code- is the language used by well educated people. The vocabulary is extensive, detailed and articulate. It's language used by school teachers, in text books and in formal occasions. Restricted code- is the language used by friends and family in informal settings. It's sometimes slang, grammatically incorrect with basic vocab. It tends to be very basic language that is used by C1-D social grades. Elaborated  https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/jan/22/the-poo-panacea-inside-the-strange-surprising-world-of-faecal-transplants Restricted  https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/10792862/coronavirus-uk-passengers-london-china-check/ ...

Structuring News Stories

On the Guardian homepage 11 news stories were serious reportage 2 news stories were general interest Mode of address means how a media text communicates with or addresses the audience. It is expressed in three words: Either direct or indirect Either formal or informal A third adjective: Another word to describe how the text 'talk' to the audience. It might be aggressive, friendly, hostile, humorous, serious, sensationalist... or any other descriptive word. Sensationalist- controversial and stirs up interest Purpose- what is the intention of the story and how does that impact the structure? Is it to give an overview of a story, to tackle it in depth, to give an opinion, to provide a balanced viewpoint, to introduce it? Audience- who is the story for? Particularly in terms of age, socio-economic group, interests and level of education? How does that impact the complexity, content and length of the story? Context- what has happened previously in the story and around t...

Citizen Journalism

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Citizen Journalism- The idea that anyone can be a journalist They film events on their phones which media companies use when reporting We Media is a way to begin to understand ow ordinary citizens, empowered by digital technologies that connect knowledge throughout the globe, are contributing to and participating in their own truths, their own kind of news. The major example of this is citizen journalism. Wikinews is serious reportage and just gives the facts. It favours quality over quantity and doesn't push any agendas onto its readers. Wikinews doesn't say who's written the articles and just gives the sources for the articles. Citizen Journalism: Stage One Level 1- Providing content for corporate/professional providers Level 2- Reporting events using open source platforms e.g Facebook, Twitter, Instagram Level 3- Creating then reporting the news using open- sourced platforms to sway the opinion of or mobilise the public Case Study Currently, in Hong Kong,...

Ownership and Distribution

How we consume our news Radio Physical hard copies Television Social media platforms Dedicated apps Role of the gatekeeper To control To manage To transfer The gatekeeper controls what news stories go to what newspaper They decide what information should move to group or individual and what information should not. Features of a traditional news company Owned by a large conglomerate Has many news subsidiaries, often specialising in a specific audience or geographic area Products available across a range of distribution platforms Clear political ideology News Corp Is a large conglomerate Has many news subsidiaries, often specialising in a specific audience or geographic area News Corp own companies in: television radio tech magazines branding/advertising suburban and rural newspapers books Their main base of operations are in Australia, they also own assets in the UK (The Sun, The Times) and a few in the US (such as the WSJ and New York Post) Because New...

Intro And News Genres

Types of news you consume Sports- Newspapers Business- Newspapers Gossip- Magazines, Tabloids Lifestyle- Newspapers, Magazines Politics- Newspapers The Units: Unit 7:Journalism and the News Industry 1. Research news genres, platforms and ownership 2. Analyse articles then research, plan, write and sub- edit your own 3. Evaluate article in terms of writing and regulation Unit 8 1. Analyse work of professional photographers 2. Research, plan, consider legal/ethical issues then take creative photos 3. Edit, organise, produce a portfolio of and evaluate photos News Genres Split into two categories Serious reportage- 'proper' news which deal with serious issues that have significant consequences (genres include crime, politics, education, business). Dealt with a serious tone by journalists. General Interest- Less significant news often popular with mass audiences (genre include sports, arts and culture (music, TV, film), Celebrity gossip). Often dealt with in a...