Linguistic Conventions

5Hs (and 1H) of Journalism

All good news articles contain answers to 6 key questions
Who? Who is the story about
What? What has happened
Where? Where did the event take place?
When? When did it happen
Why? Why is the story significant
How? How did it happen

Restricted vs Elaborated Codes
Developed by David Bernstein in 1971
Elaborated code- is the language used by well educated people. The vocabulary is extensive, detailed and articulate. It's language used by school teachers, in text books and in formal occasions.
Restricted code- is the language used by friends and family in informal settings. It's sometimes slang, grammatically incorrect with basic vocab. It tends to be very basic language that is used by C1-D social grades.

Elaborated https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/jan/22/the-poo-panacea-inside-the-strange-surprising-world-of-faecal-transplants

Restricted https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/10792862/coronavirus-uk-passengers-london-china-check/

Other linguistic conventions

Direct vs Reported speech
Direct speech describes when something is being repeated exactly as it was- usually in between a pair of inverted commas. For example: She told me, "I'll come by 10pm"
Indirect speech will still share the same info, but it involves reporting or describing what was said. For example: she said to me she would come home by 10pm.

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